DEVELOPING SHARIA TOURISM IN FOSTERING REGIONAL ECONOMIC GROWTH

The study investigated the development of sharia tourism to encourage the growth of potential tourist destination improve the regional economy as a sharia tourism destination, as well as legal policies in fostering sharia tourism in West Nusa Tenggara. The study employed qualitative research approach using concept of sharia tourism, the legal approach, and the sharia economic contextual approach. The findings revealed that: (1) from the road map view,Sharia tourism carried out by West Nusa Tenggara Provincial government was a Developing Sharia Tourism in .... 116 VOL. 9 NO. 1 JUNE 2020 continuation of sharia tourism by establishing 99 sharia tourism villages having local wisdom. In addition, developing sharia tourism was done by performing itself as a sharia tourist destination that did not ignore other tourism. It was also an avenur for a particular tourism choice in West Nusa Tenggara. The sharia tourism was considered successful in attracting foreign tourist destination, especially tourists from Muslim countries and some attractive Investment. The development of sharia tourism also tend to increase positively toward economic growth at West Nusa Tenggara. This can be seen from the data released by West Nusa Tenggara Tourism Department and Bank Indonesia, which showedeconomic growth of this region without mining sector in 2016 has reached 5.72% increase, in 2017 up to 7.10%, and in 2018, despite the earthquake, it continued to increase to 7.23% /year. (2) from the view of legal policies, West Nusa Tenggara already has strong legal legitimacy, so it can guarantee legal certainty in developing Sharia tourism destination. So hat, Sharia tourism destination in West Nusa Tenggara have clear policy directions in their ideas. It was strongly supported by policies, and implemented gradually. Keyword: Developing, Sharia Tourism, West Nusa Tenggara Abstrak Penelitian ini membahas tentang pengembangan pariwisata halal untuk mendorong dan meningkatkan kunjungan wisatawan dan meningkatkan ekonomi daerah bagi Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat sebagai destinasi wisata halal. Serta kebijakan hukum dalam pengembangan wisata halal di kawasan Nusa Tenggara Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan konsep pariwisata halal, pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kontekstual ekonomi syariah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Pertama dari sisi road map wisata halal yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat mengembangkan kelanjutan dari pariwisata halal yang sudah ada dengan mencanangkan 99 desa wisata halal yang berkeearifan lokal. Selain itu pengembangan pariwisata syariah dengan menampilkan diri sebagai destinasi wisata halal yang tidak mematikan wisata lainnya dan juga merupakan sebuah wahana model produk pilihan secara khusus yang ada di Nusa Tenggara Barat dianggap berhasil dapat menarik kunjungan wisatawan mancanegara terutama wisatawan dari negara Muslim dan menarik investasi.Perkembangan wisata halal juga mengalami peningkatan yang positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Provinsi NTB, setidaknya terlihat dari data yang dirilis Dinas Ibnu Elmi A.S Pelu, Rahmad Kurniawan, Wahyu Akbar HERITAGE OF NUSANTARA: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RELIGIOUS LITERATURE AND HERITAGE 117 Pariwisata NTB dan dari data Bank Indonesia yang menyebutkan pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah ini tanpa sektor tambang pada tahun 2016 mencapai 5,72 %/tahun meningkat tahun 2017 mencapai 7,10% /tahun dan pada tahun 2018 meskipun terjadi gempa tetap meningkat menjadi 7,23 %/tahun. Kedua dari sisi kebijakan hukum yang ada di Nusa Tenggara Barat sudah mempunyai legitimasi hukum yang kuat, sehingga bisa menjamin kepastian hukum dalam pengembangan destinasi pariwisata halal. Sehingga destinasi pariwasata halal yang ada di Nusa Tenggara Barat arah kebijakannya jelas dalam gagasannya, sangat didukung oleh kebijakan, dan bertahap dalam implementasi. Keyword: Pengembangan, Wisata Halal, Nusa Tenggara Barat

continuation of sharia tourism by establishing 99 sharia tourism villages having local wisdom. In addition, developing sharia tourism was done by performing itself as a sharia tourist destination that did not ignore other tourism. It was also an avenur for a particular tourism choice in West Nusa Tenggara. The sharia tourism was considered successful in attracting foreign tourist destination, especially tourists from Muslim countries and some attractive Investment. The development of sharia tourism also tend to increase positively toward economic growth at West Nusa Tenggara. This can be seen from the data released by West Nusa Tenggara Tourism Department and Bank Indonesia, which showedeconomic growth of this region without mining sector in 2016 has reached 5.72% increase, in 2017 up to 7.10%, and in 2018, despite

Introduction
The year of 2018 would be an 'expensive and a blessing' year for Indonesia, if it is able to introduce the enormous economic, natural, cultural, and religious values in the world economy views. Based on data from State of the Global Islamic Economy 2017-2018 (Rafiq A. Tschannen 2018) that the Muslim market share toward the global Sharia industry from the expenditure side reached at 11.9% in 2016 and is projected to increase from USD 2.006 billion to USD 3.081 billion by 2022. Indonesia should be able to take advantages and participate in the midst of a large market share of the Muslim World.
As a country with the largest Muslim population, the current Muslim population in Indonesia is more than 226.2 million. Is is the largest Muslim population in the world, of course, naturally gives positive energy to economic and business movements based on sharia principles.
Indonesia has many existing institutions engaged in sharia economics, finance and business shari. In the area of sharia economy VOL. 9 NO. 1 JUNE 2020 and finance, Indonesia has 13 Sharia Commercial Banks (BUS) and 1.822 offices with 49.971 workers. The sharia financial transaction movement was also supported by the emerging sharia state-owned enterprises (BUMN) and 348 Sharia Business Unit (UUS) offices with 4.834 workers. Indonesia also has 168 Sharia People's Financing Banks (BPRS) with 458 offices and was supported by 4,865 resources who are experts in sharia economics. The number of Indonesia sharia financial assets has increased from USD 47.6 billion in 2016 to USD 81.8 billion in 2017 or improved the rank from 9 th to 7 th grader in the world. As of May 31, 2018, total sharia financial assets continued to increase to USD 82.33 billion.
The sharia economic movement in Indonesia is not only in the mainstream sector of sharia economics and finance, but also infiltrates the real business that directly impacted the public. Indonesia has many Sharia Cafes; there are 730 Sharia Hotels with an average growth of 10% every year; there are 10 Sharia Hospitals; and there are 3 shariabased cemeteries such as one Sharia Cemetery in Semarang, Central Java and two in West Java. The sharia economic movement also exists in the wider economic areas, namely the emerging of two Sharia Traditional Markets located in Surabaya, East Java and West Lombok at West Nusa Tenggara. Sharia values also cover sharia tourism, such as two Sharia Beaches located in Lombok West Nusa Tenggara and Banyuwangi in East Java, sharia cultural destination in Aceh, sharia culinary destination in West Sumatra etc. In the millennial era and development of financial information and technology, Indonesia is also developing a market place in sharia fintech. (Dakhoir 2018) The various Sharia institutions and Islamic economics above become strong evidence that Indonesia has succeeded in developing INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RELIGIOUS LITERATURE AND HERITAGE 119 and benefiting from the emerging sharia industry both sharia economy and finance, including sharia food and beverage industry, sharia fashion, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries that have been formulated lately. Specifically, for sharia travel and tourism, Indonesia has 13 sharia tourism destinations spread across Aceh, West Sumatra, Riau, DKI Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, East Kalimantan, DI Yogyakarta, East Java, South Sumatra, Lombok-West Nusa Tenggara,Banten, and South Sulawesi. According to Global Muslim Travel Index (GMTI) 2018, Indonesia is ranked as the second sharia tourism destination in the world. As a result, the track record of sharia industry that has touched various sectors has given a positive stigma that Indonesia has become one of the centers for developing the largest sharia economic institutions and the sharia center of the world. (Mastercard and Crescentrating 2018, 18) Furthermore, the development of Indonesian tourism is moving towards a positive trend. In 2015 this sector was able to contribute to GDP (Gross Domestic Product), foreign exchange and market works.
National GDP in 2015 reached 10% with the highest nominal in ASEAN. National tourism GDP growth grew by 4.8% with an upward trend of 6.9%. This is quite high when compared to the agriculture, manufacturing, automotive and mining sectors. Foreign exchange tourism has 1 million dollars in 2015 with a GDP reaching 1.7 million dollars. This sector also provides a fairly good contribution in opening employment. This sector is able to contribute up to 9.8 million job markets. (Subarkah 2018a, 91) In international scope, world tourism faces various development trends. One of them is sharia tourism. This type of tourism is a tourism segment providing basic necessities needed by VOL. 9 NO. 1 JUNE 2020 Muslim tourists in accordance with Islamic law. The knowledge of Halal tourism concept and components are pertinent to industry players alike in developing Halal tourism infrastructure and facilities, halal travel packages, and halal travel activities. It will also help them design specific messages for marketing communication in order to attract Muslim tourists. (Battour and Ismail 2016, 150) Nevertheless, sharia tourism facilities can also be enjoyed by non muslim tourists, because as a whole the core facilities intended only refers to food and beverage facilities with sharia labels, sharia restaurants, and sharia hotels.
Referring to those developments, it is very important for Indonesia to develop sharia tourism. One of the areas considered to be a very appropriate for developing sharia tourism is West Nusa Tenggara, which has a vision of 'Faithful, Cultured, Competitive and Prosperous'. The word 'faith' at the beginning vision describes a picture of West Nusa Tenggara people, who uphold their religion and carry out their daily lives in accordance with their respective religions.
Considering that majority of West Nusa Tenggara people are Muslim, this area is suitable for developing sharia tourism. As a result, West Nusa Tenggara received award from World Sharia Travel Summit held in Abu Dhabi for two consecutive years (2015)(2016) with predicate: the world's best sharia travel destination, the best sharia honey moon tourism in the world, and the best sharia travel page. (Subarkah 2018a, 93) To be able to realize and accommodate sharia economy development and especially the best sharia tourism in the world, Indonesia must be able to play an important role in adjusting ideas and fast-developing conditions. Although many experts positioned the importance of law in economic development of a nation, but until now the President has not made legal development yet as a top priority to sustain economic development. At present, the development carried out seems to be allowed to flow without orientation.This becomes the main weakness of legal field. One of the critical factor faced by economic parties in Indonesia is the issue of legal uncertainty. Legal certainty is needed to calculate and anticipate risks. Even for a country, legal certainty is one of the factors that greatly supports the economic endurance of a nation. The government is responsible for providing legal certainty to economic actors, by responding and following up on the wishes of economic actors. So That in the future the law is expected to be able to play its role as a guiding factor, guide and create a conducive climate in economic field, especially in industrial field of Sharia and in tourism-based sharia.

Method
Sharia tourism development research to foster regional economic growth (a study on West Nusa Tenggara sharia tourism) was a normative legal research (Sudikno Mertokusumo 2010, 27) In the framework of legal perspective, it meant explaining, strengthening, or testing a provision regarding estabishing legal and developing sharia centers in Indonesia. (Waluyo 2008, 75) More specifically, the study focused on ideal values, which were a reference in the formation, regulation, and legal development. (Yesmil and Adang 2013, 89) The study belonged to a field research. The preliminary study used empirical data or other primary data. The reseachers focused on library literacy. The study conducted through literature as written sources. It was the first step to prepare research framework and strengthened VOL. 9 NO. 1 JUNE 2020 theoretical studies. (Sunggono 2012, 86) Data were collected using a review of relevant references and issues relating to the problem being investigated, specifically developing sharia tourism to promote regional economic). (Soekanto and Mamudji 2010, 114) The study approach used on developing sharia tourism to foster regional economic growth in the context of legal policy and the sharia economics. (Marzuki 2010, 94)

A. Road Map for Sharia Tourism Development in West Nusa
Tenggara Road map for developing Sharia tourism in West Nusa Tenggara was carried out by West Nusa Tenggara Regional Government through the Tourism Department. One of the efforts of Regional Government in developing sharia tourism was the regulation of sharia tourism in local regulations. Such efforts were made to ensure the implementation of Sharia tourism in West Nusa Tenggara.
The choice of West Nusa Tenggara as a sharia tourism destination in 2015 encouraged Regional Government to conceptualize sharia tourism. The conceptualization is expected to be well-received by tourists, business people and local government itself. Fortunately tourists about the integration concept of basic needs based on religion in travelling, Regional Government has chosen to use the term sharia tourism rather than Islamic tourism. (Fahham 2017, 70) It can be seen from sharia tourism regulations issued by "What should be known is that West Nusa Tenggara adheres to the halal number 1. The indicator is a Muslim friendly-system that makes it easier for Muslims, to pray, anywhere anytime in Lombok with comfort an certainty. In fact, the Tourism Department does not need to build many to worship facilities, as in almost every corner of Lombok one can find prayer rooms and mosques, which we say are more than sufficient for areas along our tourist route. Likewise, in tourist objects, although in remote areas, the mosque and the availability of facilities for worship must be there. At a glance there are no specific differences associated with it (sharia tourism). Many tourist sites have separated halal tourism from conventional tourism, only a few industries/service providers fully implement it. Most are still mixed, as long as there is a place of worship according to the Halal 1 concept. Halal tourism that applies fully or Halal 2 usually applies based on Islamic boarding, which is managed by individuals or the community, for example, separate bathing pools, this is for men bathing pools and female bathing pools." Furthermore, Mr. Alif, the Head of Section for Education and Training who previously to be a staff of sharia tourism division, underlined about sharia tourism 1: "Actually many people misunderstood toward the concept of sharia tourism. Most people think that sharia tourism is applied in accordance with sharia requirements. For example, applying sharia on tourism at the beach means that people, places and so on must comply with Islamic law. People have to dress in Muslim fashion, they should not reveal their hair and bodyparts as it must be covered, everything else must also match the sharia law. For example, West Nusa Tenggara is applying Halal 1 system, which means in order to making it easier for tourist-especially Muslim tourist-the area must provide facilities for ablution and pray. On top of it, food must also be provided in accordance to sharia requirement. The next sharia tourism concept is Halal 2, which is applied gradually and cannot be implemented directly. This concept is called Sharia tour. The managers must really understand sharia studies; the visitors must wear the clothes according to sharia rules and their personal characteristics must also be completely correct according to the sharia principles. As for the Halal, we are using it gradually".
From such above statement, it can be understood as a separate strategy done by provincial government of West Nusa Tenggara in order not to distinguish between conventional tourism and sharia tourism in West Nusa Tenggara. Specifically, it is to regulate the ease of obtaining facilities for worship, and to provide halal food regulation in accordance to sharia point of view. This can be understood because the concept of sharia tourism adopted in West Nusa Tenggara Barat uses the Halal 1 concept.
Furthermore, the concept of halal tourism industry in regional regulation is that the sharia tourism industry is tourism businesses

B. Impact of Developing Sharia Tourism on West Nusa Tenggara Income
Indonesia's tourism is the fastest growing tourism sector and became the largest economic sector due to its contribution to the country's second largest foreign exchange after the palm oil industry. 2) circulated currency as an element in economic transactions; 3) available of goods and services from the economic sector.
An interesting hypothesis put forward by Muhammad Afdi Nizar (Muhammad 2000) about the relationship between tourism and economic causality, namely: 1) economic growth is supported by tourism, therefore economic growth is influenced by tourism development (tourism-led economic growth hypothesis); 2) tourism is supported by economy, so the development of tourism is influenced by economic growth (economic-driven tourism hypothesis); 3) both (economy and tourism) have the benefit each other and are bi-directional (reciprocal causal hypothesis). VOL. 9 NO. 1 JUNE 2020 Nizar believes that there are two things that build the relationship between tourism and the economy, namely: 1) Tourism gives an impact on the economy because it can create jobs, affect income, balance of payments, foreign exchange earnings from several things, such as tourist spending, tourism place development, import and export of goods and others; 2) Tourism can be a stimulus effect for certain products and can form communities expected to move regional economy in a positive direction by creating new jobs and increasing income for the region.
According to Cohen, the impact of tourism on the economy can be a source of foreign exchange, a source of community income, income for government, employment creation, an influence on prices and tariffs, an influence on the distribution of benefits, an influence on management and ownership, and can certainly affect development.
There are several things that can affect tourism-related income, including the level of consumption or expenditure, distance from tourist attractions, length of service and the number of tourists visiting.
Meanwhile, Dian Dinta Herlambang was quoted subarkah (Subarkah 2018b) believes that there are at least four things that can be influenced by tourism on economic conditions in tourist attractions, namely: a) type of work, community has a job, such as street seller, then becomes an employee at a tourist site (ticket entry, security supervisor, rubbish management and others); b) community income will certainly also feel the effects of tourism development; c) the growth of other sectors in the vicinity of tourist attractions, the establishment of stalls, there are inns owned and managed by the surrounding community; d) food and mineral stalls in tourism sites will change in prices that can be a benefit for traders. The influence of tourism development on the economy can change a number of things, namely: change in type of work, community income, division of labor, as well as employment and entrepreneurship opportunities.
At whole, tourism has an important role in increasing economic sector, Local businesses will grow; jobs can be created; income is also diverse. This makes tourism greatly affects regional economy. Therefore, economy and tourism have a very strong and Indonesia. Therefore, Regional Government and all stakeholders must prepare facilities and tourism infra structure that meets Sharia Tourism in the tourism industry in the district; b. to provide security and comfortable service to tourists so that they enjoy the travelling safely, halal, and can also experience ease in travelling in accordance with the business concept of Sharia The purpose of regulating Sharia Tourism in this Regional Regulation is to provide security and convenience of servicefor tourists in order that they enjoy tourist visits safely, Sharia-based and can also get facilities for touristsand managers in tourism activities. (3) Sharia standards as referred to in paragraph (1) include aspects: a. products; b. services; and c. management (4) In case of sharia standards as referred to in paragraph (2)has not been fulfilled yet, the accommodations have at least fulfilled the following: a. proper facilities for having ablution; b. available facilities that make it easy to worship; c. sharia foods and drinks available; d. available facilities and a safe, comfortable and conducive atmosphere for familiesand businesses; and e. keep on sanitary and environmental cleanliness. Article 15 (1) Food and beverage providers in Sharia Tourism cover restaurants, bars, cafes and catering services. (2) Food and beverage providers should have Sharia certified and must guarantee the Sharia food/ drinks served, starting from the supply of raw materials to delivery process proven by Sharia certificate.
(3) In case of Sharia certificate has not been fulfilled yet, each provider of food and drink must include the announcement of Sharia/ non-Sharia for every type of food / drink; and keep healthy and clean environment.
(4) Sharia food and drinks as referred to in paragraph (2)according to the standards set by National Sharia Board of Indonesian Ulema Council.

Article 16
Every businessman of SPA, Sauna and Sharia Massage should provide: a. separate treatment rooms for men and women; b. mind therapy and physical therapy do not lead on sharia violations; c. male therapists specifically for men and female therapists specifically for woman; and d. facilities that make it easy to pray. Article 17 (1) Every Sharia SPA, Sauna and Griya massage is obliged to use official Sharia logo products.
(2) Products bearing the official sharia logo as referred to in paragraph (1)among others: a. spice ingredients; b. scrubs; c. face mask; d. aroma therapy; and e. facial, hair, hand and nail care ingredients.
The brief description related to the ideas and Province Regional Regulation number 2 of 2016 concerning sharia tourism places West Nusa Tenggara Regional Government as the first region that has a Sharia Tourism Regulation in Indonesia. The regional regulation is aimed as a guideline for tourism managers in providing sharia tourism services to tourists, and providing security and comfortable services to tourists in order that they enjoy the visits safely based on sharia.

Conclusion
In terms of the sharia tourism road map carried out by government of West Nusa Tenggara, it is aimed to develop the continuation of existing sharia tourism by launching 99 sharia tourism VOL. 9 NO. 1 JUNE 2020 villages with local wisdom. The development of sharia tourism, whichis done by presenting itself as a sharia tourist destination that does not turn off other tourism and is also a vehicle for a particular choice in West Nusa Tenggara, is considered successful in attracting foreign tourist arrivals especially tourists from Muslim countries and attracting investment.
Developing sharia tourism also tends to a positive increase in economic growth in West Nusa Tenggara, at least as seen from data released by the West Nusa Tenggara Tourism Office and from Bank Indonesia, which states that economic growth in this region without mining sector in 2016 reached 5.72% yearly increased in in 2017 it reached 7.10% and in 2018 despite the earthquake it continued to increase to 7.23%. Sharia tourism in terms of legal policies in West Nusa Tenggara already has strong legal legitimacy, so that it can guarantee legal certainty in developing sharia tourism destination.
Besides, sharia tourism destination in West Nusa Tenggara had appropriate policy directions in their ideas, strongly supported by policies, and implemented gradually.